241 research outputs found
Energy Efficiency in MIMO Underlay and Overlay Device-to-Device Communications and Cognitive Radio Systems
This paper addresses the problem of resource allocation for systems in which
a primary and a secondary link share the available spectrum by an underlay or
overlay approach. After observing that such a scenario models both cognitive
radio and D2D communications, we formulate the problem as the maximization of
the secondary energy efficiency subject to a minimum rate requirement for the
primary user. This leads to challenging non-convex, fractional problems. In the
underlay scenario, we obtain the global solution by means of a suitable
reformulation. In the overlay scenario, two algorithms are proposed. The first
one yields a resource allocation fulfilling the first-order optimality
conditions of the resource allocation problem, by solving a sequence of easier
fractional problems. The second one enjoys a weaker optimality claim, but an
even lower computational complexity. Numerical results demonstrate the merits
of the proposed algorithms both in terms of energy-efficient performance and
complexity, also showing that the two proposed algorithms for the overlay
scenario perform very similarly, despite the different complexity.Comment: to appear in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processin
Resource Allocation for Energy-Efficient 3-Way Relay Channels
Throughput and energy efficiency in 3-way relay channels are studied in this
paper. Unlike previous contributions, we consider a circular message exchange.
First, an outer bound and achievable sum rate expressions for different
relaying protocols are derived for 3-way relay channels. The sum capacity is
characterized for certain SNR regimes. Next, leveraging the derived achievable
sum rate expressions, cooperative and competitive maximization of the energy
efficiency are considered. For the cooperative case, both low-complexity and
globally optimal algorithms for joint power allocation at the users and at the
relay are designed so as to maximize the system global energy efficiency. For
the competitive case, a game theoretic approach is taken, and it is shown that
the best response dynamics is guaranteed to converge to a Nash equilibrium. A
power consumption model for mmWave board-to-board communications is developed,
and numerical results are provided to corroborate and provide insight on the
theoretical findings.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communication
Distributed energy-aware resource allocation in multi-antenna multi-carrier interference networks with statistical CSI
Resource allocation for energy efficiency optimization in multi-carrier interference networks with multiple receive antennas is tackled. First, a one-hop network is considered, and then, the results are extended to the case of a two-hop network in which amplify-and-forward relaying is employed to enable communication. A distributed algorithm which optimizes a system-wide energy-efficient performance function, and which is guaranteed to converge to a stable equilibrium point, is provided. Unlike most previous works, in the definition of the energy efficiency, not only the users' transmit power but also the circuit power that is required to operate the devices is taken into account. All of the proposed procedures are guaranteed to converge and only require statistical channel state information, thus lending themselves to a distributed implementation. The asymptotic regime of a saturated network in which both the active users and the number of receive antennas deployed in each receiver grow large is also analyzed. Numerical results are provided to confirm the merits of the proposed algorithms
A Globally Optimal Energy-Efficient Power Control Framework and its Efficient Implementation in Wireless Interference Networks
This work develops a novel power control framework for energy-efficient power
control in wireless networks. The proposed method is a new branch-and-bound
procedure based on problem-specific bounds for energy-efficiency maximization
that allow for faster convergence. This enables to find the global solution for
all of the most common energy-efficient power control problems with a
complexity that, although still exponential in the number of variables, is much
lower than other available global optimization frameworks. Moreover, the
reduced complexity of the proposed framework allows its practical
implementation through the use of deep neural networks. Specifically, thanks to
its reduced complexity, the proposed method can be used to train an artificial
neural network to predict the optimal resource allocation. This is in contrast
with other power control methods based on deep learning, which train the neural
network based on suboptimal power allocations due to the large complexity that
generating large training sets of optimal power allocations would have with
available global optimization methods. As a benchmark, we also develop a novel
first-order optimal power allocation algorithm. Numerical results show that a
neural network can be trained to predict the optimal power allocation policy.Comment: submitte
Origin of magnetic fabrics in ultramafic rocks
https://digitalmaine.com/legishist118/2231/thumbnail.jp
Energy-efficient precoding in multicell networks with full-duplex base stations
© 2017, The Author(s). This paper considers multi-input multi-output (MIMO) multicell networks, where the base stations (BSs) are full-duplex transceivers, while uplink and downlink users are equipped with multiple antennas and operate in a half-duplex mode. The problem of interest is to design linear precoders for BSs and users to optimize the network’s energy efficiency. Given that the energy efficiency objective is not a ratio of concave and convex functions, the commonly used Dinkelbach-type algorithms are not applicable. We develop a low-complexity path-following algorithm that only invokes one simple convex quadratic program at each iteration, which converges at least to the local optimum. Numerical results demonstrate the performance advantage of our proposed algorithm in terms of energy efficiency
TGS1 mediates 2,2,7-trimethyl guanosine capping of the human telomerase RNA to direct telomerase dependent telomere maintenance
Pathways that direct the selection of the telomerase-dependent or recombination-based, alternative lengthening of telomere (ALT) maintenance pathway in cancer cells are poorly understood. Using human lung cancer cells and tumor organoids we show that formation of the 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine (TMG) cap structure at the human telomerase RNA 5′ end by the Trimethylguanosine Synthase 1 (TGS1) is central for recruiting telomerase to telomeres and engaging Cajal bodies in telomere maintenance. TGS1 depletion or inhibition by the natural nucleoside sinefungin impairs telomerase recruitment to telomeres leading to Exonuclease 1 mediated generation of telomere 3′ end protrusions that engage in RAD51-dependent, homology directed recombination and the activation of key features of the ALT pathway. This indicates a critical role for 2,2,7-TMG capping of the RNA component of human telomerase (hTR) in enforcing telomerase-dependent telomere maintenance to restrict the formation of telomeric substrates conductive to ALT. Our work introduces a targetable pathway of telomere maintenance that holds relevance for telomere-related diseases such as cancer and aging
A direct physical interaction between Nanog and Sox2 regulates embryonic stem cell self-renewal
Embryonic stem (ES) cell self-renewal efficiency is determined by the Nanog protein level. However, the protein partners of Nanog that function to direct self-renewal are unclear. Here, we identify a Nanog interactome of over 130 proteins including transcription factors, chromatin modifying complexes, phosphorylation and ubiquitination enzymes, basal transcriptional machinery members, and RNA processing factors. Sox2 was identified as a robust interacting partner of Nanog. The purified Nanog–Sox2 complex identified a DNA recognition sequence present in multiple overlapping Nanog/Sox2 ChIP-Seq data sets. The Nanog tryptophan repeat region is necessary and sufficient for interaction with Sox2, with tryptophan residues required. In Sox2, tyrosine to alanine mutations within a triple-repeat motif (S X T/S Y) abrogates the Nanog–Sox2 interaction, alters expression of genes associated with the Nanog-Sox2 cognate sequence, and reduces the ability of Sox2 to rescue ES cell differentiation induced by endogenous Sox2 deletion. Substitution of the tyrosines with phenylalanine rescues both the Sox2–Nanog interaction and efficient self-renewal. These results suggest that aromatic stacking of Nanog tryptophans and Sox2 tyrosines mediates an interaction central to ES cell self-renewal
Liquid crystals and their defects
These lecture notes discuss classical models of liquid crystals, and the
different ways in which defects are described according to the different
models.Comment: CIME lecture course, Cetraro, 201
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